Digital Athenaeus
G. Kaibel: Athenaei Naucratitae Dipnosophistarum libri 15

Book 2

Paragraph
7

Φιλόχορος δέ φησιν Ἀμφικτύονα τὸν Ἀθηναίων βασιλέα μαθόντα παρὰ Διονύσου τὴν τοῦ οἴνου κρᾶσιν πρῶτον κεράσαι. διὸ καὶ ὀρθοὺς γενέσθαι τοὺς ἀνθρώπους οὕτω πίνοντας, πρότερον ὑπὸ τοῦ ἀκράτου καμπτομένους· καὶ διὰ τοῦτο ἱδρύσασθαι βωμὸν ὀρθοῦ Διονύσου ἐν τῷ τῶν Ὡρῶν ἱερῷ· αὗται γὰρ καὶ τὸν τῆς ἀμπέλου καρπὸν ἐκτρέφουσι. πλησίον δʼ αὐτοῦ καὶ ταῖς Νύμφαις βωμὸν ἔδειμεν, ὑπόμνημα τοῖς χρωμένοις τῆς κράσεως ποιούμενος· καὶ γὰρ Διονύσου τροφοὶ αἱ Νύμφαι λέγονται. καὶ θέσμιον ἔθετο προσφέρεσθαι μετὰ τὰ σιτία ἄκρατον μόνον ὅσον γεύσασθαι, δεῖγμα τῆς δυνάμεως τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ θεοῦ, τὸ δὲ λοιπὸν ἤδη κεκραμένον, ὁπόσον ἕκαστος βούλεται· προσεπιλέγειν δὲ τούτῳ τὸ τοῦ Διὸς σωτῆρος ὄνομα διδαχῆς καὶ μνήμης ἕνεκα τῶν πινόντων, ὅτι οὕτω πίνοντες ἀσφαλῶς σωθήσονται. Πλάτων δʼ ἐν δευτέρῳ Νόμων τὴν τοῦ οἴνου χρῆσίν φησιν ὑγιείας ἕνεκα ὑπάρχειν. ἀπὸ τοῦ κατὰ μέθην δὲ καταστήματος καὶ ταύρῳ παρεικάζουσι τὸν Διόνυσον καὶ παρδάλει διὰ τὸ πρὸς βίαν τρέπεσθαι τοὺς ἐξοινωθέντας. Ἀλκαῖος· ἄλλοτε μὲν μελιαδέος, ἄλλοτε δʼ ὀξυτέρου τριβόλων ἀρυτημένοι. εἰσὶ δʼ οἳ καὶ θυμικοὶ γίνονται· τοιοῦτος δʼ ταῦρος. Εὐριπίδης· ταῦροι δʼ ὑβρισταὶ κεἰς κέρας θυμούμενοι. διὰ δὲ τὸ μάχιμον καὶ θηριώδεις ἔνιοι γίνονται· ὅθεν καὶ τὸ παρδαλῶδες.

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