Digital Athenaeus
G. Kaibel: Athenaei Naucratitae Dipnosophistarum libri 15

Book 1

Paragraph
19

ὅτι τροφαῖς ἐχρῶντο οἱ ἥρωες παρʼ Ὁμήρῳ πρῶτον μὲν τῷ καλουμένῳ ἀκρατίσματι, λέγει ἄριστον· οὗ ἅπαξ μέμνηται ἐν Ὀδυσσείᾳ· Ὀδυσεὺς καὶ δῖος ὑφορβὸς ἐντύνοντʼ ἄριστον κειαμένω πῦρ, καὶ ἅπαξ ἐν Ἰλιάδι· ἐσσυμένως ἐπένοντο καὶ ἐντύνοντʼ ἄριστον. λέγει δὲ τὸ πρωινὸν ἔμβρωμα, ἡμεῖς ἀκρατισμὸν καλοῦμεν διὰ τὸ ἐν ἀκράτῳ βρέχειν καὶ προσίεσθαι ψωμούς, ὡς Ἀντιφάνης· ἄριστον ἐν ὅσῳ .... μάγειρος ποιεῖ, εἶτʼ ἐπάγει· συνακρατίσασθαι πῶς ἔχεις μετʼ ἐμοῦ; καὶ Κάνθαρος· οὐκοῦν ἀκρατισώμεθʼ αὐτοῦ. Β. μηδαμῶς· Ἰσθμοῖ γὰρ ἀριστήσομεν. Ἀριστομένης· ἀκρατιοῦμαι μικρόν, εἶθʼ ἥξω πάλιν, ἄρτου δὶς τρὶς ἀποδακών. Φιλήμων δέ φησιν ὅτι τροφαῖς δʹ ἐχρῶντο οἱ παλαιοί, ἀκρατίσματι, ἀρίστῳ, ἑσπερίσματι, δείπνῳ. τὸν μὲν οὖν ἀκρατισμὸν διανηστισμὸν ἔλεγον, τὸ δʼ ἄριστον ...... δορπηστόν, τὸ δὲ δεῖπνον ἐπιδορπίδα. ἐστὶ δʼ τάξις καὶ παρʼ Αἰσχύλῳ τῶν ὀνομάτων ἐν οἷς Παλαμήδης πεποίηται λέγων· καὶ ταξιάρχας καὶ στρατάρχας καὶ ἑκατοντάρχας ἔταξα. σῖτον δʼ εἰδέναι διώρισα ἄριστα, δεῖπνα, δόρπα δʼ αἱρεῖσθαι τρίτα. τῆς δὲ τετάρτης τροφῆς οὕτως Ὅμηρος μέμνηται· σὺ δʼ ἔρχεο δειελιήσας, καλοῦσί τινες δειλινόν, ἐστι μεταξὺ τοῦ ὑφʼ ἡμῶν λεγομένου ἀρίστου καὶ δείπνου. καὶ ἄριστον μέν ἐστι τὸ ὑπὸ τὴν ἕω λαμβανόμενον, δεῖπνον δὲ τὸ μεσημβρινόν, ἡμεῖς ἄριστον, δόρπον δὲ τὸ ἑσπερινόν. μήποτε δὲ καὶ συνωνυμεῖ τὸ ἄριστον τῷ δείπνῳ. ἐπὶ γὰρ τῆς πρωινῆς που τροφῆς ἔφη· οἳ δʼ ἄρα δεῖπνον ἕλοντο, ἀπὸ δʼ αὐτοῦ θωρήσσοντο. μετὰ γὰρ τὴν ἀνατολὴν εὐθὺς δειπνοποιησάμενοι προέρχονται εἰς τὴν μάχην.

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